Recent Technical Updates pg 23

Measles control strategies in India: position pape ...

The annual estimated deaths due to measles in India is about 80,000 children accounting for 4% of all under five mortality. The distribution of measles deaths are reported to be heterogeneous and more ...Source: Indian Paediatrics

A 60-year review on the changing epidemiology of m ...

Using epidemiological data from Beijing, this article presents a unique story of five stages of measles elimination continuum namely Stage 1: Period prior to vaccination (1951–1965); Stage 2: In ...Source: BMC Public Health

Measles elimination: progress, challenges and impl ...

In 2012, WHO and partners published the first global combined strategic plan for measles and rubella control and elimination. In this article, the authors review some principles of measles and rubella ...Source: Expert Review of Vaccines

Global eradication of measles: an epidemiologic an ...

The Measles Initiative (led by the American Red Cross, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, UNICEF, United Nations Foundation, and the WHO) is an international partnership committed to redu ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

The economic disease burden of measles in Japan an ...

Between 1999 and 2003, Japan experienced a series of measles epidemics. During this period, there were an estimated 100,000 to 200,000 cases.  As in many other measles outbreaks, insufficien ...Source: BMC Health Services Research

The cost-effectiveness of supplementary immunizati ...

Uganda s strategy for measles elimination is based on improving routine delivery of the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) given at 9 months of age, as well as regular supplementary immun ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

Supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) in So ...

In many low- and middle-income countries, where the second dose is not routinely delivered through primary health care services, the second opportunity is offered during supplementary immunization act ...Source: Global Health Action

WHO GUIDELINES FOR RESPONSE TO MEASLES OUTBREAKS I ...

In 2009, an extensive literature review of data (published from 1995-2006) was carried out to re-assess the impact of immunization response to measles outbreaks to provide the needed evidence to updat ...Source: WHO/IVB Publication

SHOULD OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION BE RECOMMEND ...

The last time I checked, this was the latest update on measles outbreak response immunization recommendations. In this article, Cairns L et al unequivocally argue that outbreak response should include ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

IMPACT OF A MEASLES OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION ...

In this report, Goodson JL et al report on non-selective outbreak response Immunization (ORI) used in a measles outbreak in Maroua district of Cameroon. The authors report that selective vaccination w ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

MEASLES OUTBREAK IN NORTHERN CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUB ...

In this article, the authors report on outbreak response in Central African Republic. The non-selective measles vaccination response is reported to have limited the outbreak mainly to 2 sub-prefecture ...Source: BMC Infectious Diseases

REACHING HARD-TO-REACH INDIVIDUALS: NONSELECTIVE V ...

In this article, the authors assert that the impact of a supplemental mass vaccination campaign is variable and may be lower than expected because of population heterogeneity in immunity and the naive ...Source: American Journal of Epidemiology

WHO POSITION PAPER ON RUBELLA VACCINES

Full text description of background burden of disease, vaccines description and recommendation of WHO that countries take the opportunity offered by accelerated measles control and elimination activit ...Source: Weekly Epidemiological Record

SAGE RECOMMENDATIONS ON MEASLES/RUBELLA ELIMINATIO ...

By the end of November, three GAVI eligible sub-Saharan African country will start using this product in their routine immunization program. The MR vaccine introduction campaigns in the three countrie ...Source: Weekly Epidemiological Record

USING THE COMBINED VACCINE FOR PROTECTION OF CHILD ...

In this review, the effectiveness of using MMR in preventing clinical measles and mumps cases is presented. The review interestingly shows that there is never been an MMR effectiveness study on Rubell ...Source: Cochrane Reviews

TARGETING RUBELLA ELIMINATION

The authors of this review article on Rubella elimination in India recommend the synergistic use of MR or MMR vaccines in routine or supplemental immunizations. Full text describes Rubella burden of d ...Source: Indian Journal of Public Health

HEALTH CARE–ASSOCIATED MEASLES OUTBREAK IN THE U ...

In this report, Chen and colleagues report on measles outbreak in Arizona, with 14 confirmed cases, including 7 health care–associated infections, is the largest reported health care–assoc ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

MEASLES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS: A POTENTIAL FOR ...

In this report,  Botelho-Nevers and colleagues report on a series of measles cases among healthcare workers during 2010 outbreak in Public Hospitals of Marseilles, France. The study documents tha ...Source: Euro Surveillance

NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION OF MEASLES AMONG HEALTHCAR ...

In this Euro surveillance bulletin,  Komitova and colleagues argues that measles among HCWs accounts for a relatively small proportion of the reported cases but is important because of the p ...Source: Euro Surveillance

MEASLES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN A TEACHING HOS ...

In this article, the authors show that strict adherence to alcohol-based hand rubs and rapid implementation of appropriate isolation measures are essential but insufficient to prevent measles outbreak ...Source: Journal of Occupational Health

MEASLES TRANSMISSION IN HEALTH CARE WAITING ROOMS: ...

In this article, the authors present a small but well documented series of secondary cases acquired in health care settings. All cases were infected following direct, proximate contact of at least 20 ...Source: Western Pac Surveill Response Journal

ONGOING MEASLES OUTBREAK IN ORTHODOX JEWISH COMMUN ...

In a letter to the editor, Vanessa Baugh and colleagues write about  a measles outbreak that has been largely contained within London’s Orthodox Jewish communities, with limited spread outs ...Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases

AN OUTBREAK OF MEASLES IN ORTHODOX JEWISH COMMUNIT ...

In this article, Lernout and colleagues document a measles outbreak in Antwerp that was linked to another in the same communities in the United Kingdom and in Israel.  In this outbreak, ...Source: Euro Surveillance

WHO GETS MEASLES IN EUROPE?

In this article, Muscat argues that measles outbreaks are picking out pockets of unimmunized children in Europe. The role of nosocomial transmission of measles is also discussed. The article picks out ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

SAGE RECOMMENDATIONS ON MEASLES/RUBELLA ELIMINATIO ...

Coming from an MR vaccine introduction campaign in Ghana, I am enthused that a second GAVI eligible sub-Saharan African country will start using this product in their routine immunization program. The ...Source: Weekly Epidemiological Record (WER)

TARGETING RUBELLA ELIMINATION.

The authors of this review article on Rubella elimination in India recommend the synergistic use of MR or MMR vaccines in routine or supplemental immunizations. This review recommendation is also alre ...Source: Indian Journal of Public Health

IMMUNOLOGICAL BASIS FOR IMMUNIZATION: MEASLES (UPD ...

This module is part of the series “The Immunological Basis for Immunization”, which was initially developed in 1993 as a set of eight modules focusing on the vaccines included in the ...Source: WHO/IVB Publication

A GUIDE TO INTRODUCING A 2ND DOSE OF MEASLES VACCI ...

Since 2009, WHO has recommended that reaching all children with two doses of measles containing vaccine (MCV) should be the standard for all national immunization programmes. In accordance w ...Source: WHO/IVB Publication

SEVEN ITEMS ON MEASLES ERADICATION: W.H.O. SOUTHEA ...

SEVEN ITEMS ON MEASLES ERADICATION: W.H.O. SOUTHEAST REGION COMMITS TO MEASLES ELIMINATION BY 2020, WASHINGTON MEASLES & RUBELLA ADVOCACY MEETING MEASLES ELIMINATION BY 2020, DECI ...

TIMELINESS VACCINATION OF MEASLES CONTAINING VACCI ...

This report documents that timely vaccination coverage rates of MCV need to be monitored, measured and encouraged for sustainable measles control. Special needs are presented on the requirement for ac ...Source: PLoS One

TIMING OF MEASLES IMMUNIZATION AND EFFECTIVE POPUL ...

This article focuses on immunization against measles to offer evidence in support of incorporating data on timeliness of vaccination in the evaluation of vaccine coverage. The authors show that health ...Source: Paediatrics

TIMELINESS OF CHILDHOOD VACCINATIONS IN KAMPALA UG ...

The authors of this article show case for moving from monitoring immunization services utilization using the number of vaccinations accumulated by specified antigen and ages. They analyze timeliness o ...Source: PLoS One

ETHNICITY AND DELAY IN MEASLES VACCINATION IN A NA ...

This report documents that ethnicity in one slum of Nairobi is significantly related to the likelihood of delayed measles vaccination. As a cross-sectional study, the report recommends further studies ...Source: Tropical Medicine and Health

ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTING ON RNA 1 (ADAR1) SUPPRE ...

This report  tests whether ADAR1 plays a role in virus-induced IFN-β expression using MV and whether any of the observed ADAR1-dependent responses were modulated by the viral V or C accessor ...Source: Journal of Virology

STRESS GRANULE FORMATION INDUCED BY MEASLES VIRUS ...

This study establishes that stress granules (SG) formation induced by measles virus (MV) infection is modulated in an opposing manner by ADAR1 and PKR. SG formation is impaired by ADAR1, just as the a ...Source: Journal of Virology

PROLONGED PERSISTENCE OF MEASLES VIRUS RNA IS CHAR ...

The authors of this articl demonstrate that prolonged presence of viral RNA is characteristic of primary MeV infection. The role of lymphoid tissue in MeV persistence is particularly intriguing, becau ...Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

MEASLES VIRUS, IMMUNE CONTROL, AND PERSISTENCE.

The frequency of measles virus (MeV) RNA persistence in the absence of disease is unknown. MeV has been identified by RT-PCR or morphologic analysis in tissues from normal individuals. In addition to ...Source: FEMS Microbiology Reviews

PREVENTION OF MEASLES, RUBELLA, CONGENITAL RUBELLA ...

This report outlines the recommendations on immunization practices pertaining to Measles, Rubella an Mumps. Specially recommends two doses of MMR in routine vaccination practice, makes case for immuni ...Source: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)

EFFECT OF SECOND DOSE OF MEASLES VACCINE ON MEASLE ...

This study proves that a second dose of measles vaccine boosts the measles IgG status in the study population as compared to those who received only single dose. The authors also report on the observa ...Source: Indian Paediatrics

MEASLES ELIMINATION IN THE AMERICAS: A COMPARISON ...

This report found no impact of a second routine measles dose in the Region of the Americas, but quickly added that their findings might not be applicable to other countries and regions. In particular, ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

IDENTIFYING HIGH-RISK AREAS FOR SPORADIC MEASLES O ...

Lapses in immunization, a high burden of HIV infection and the build-up of a susceptible populations appear to be important for driving sporadic outbreaks, especially in populous areas. Supplemental i ...Source: Bulletin of the World Health Organization

PREDICTED IMPACT OF THE HIV-1 EPIDEMIC ON MEASLES ...

High overall mortality in HIV-1-infected children without access to ART limits the impact of HIV-1 on MV transmission and may help to explain the initial success of current measles control strategies ...Source: International Journal of Epidemiology

IMMUNOLOGIC BASIS FOR REVACCINATION OF HIV-INFECTE ...

Infection with HIV produces aberrant immune activation that accelerates cellular turnover and potentially impedes proper memory cell development. In children infected with HIV in the perinatal period, ...Source: Future Virology

ESTIMATION OF MEASLES VACCINE EFFICACY AND CRITICA ...

Did you know that measles in certain settings could have very high basic reproductive rates? Did you know that measles vaccine effectiveness could be higher than the 99% estimated at >1 year? And m ...Source: Journal of the Royal Society Interface

ESTIMATION OF VACCINE EFFICACY AND CRITICAL VACCIN ...

Vaccination reduces the probability of infection per contact substantially. The protective effects largely dependant on immunization coverage. This article shows that indirect benefits of Mumps vaccin ...Source: PLoS Computational Biology

MEASLES TRANSMISSION AND VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS DUR ...

Recent measles outbreaks in European countries are a reminder that, even in developed countries with a routine two dose measles vaccination schedule, low vaccination coverage can allow susceptible per ...Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases

SHOULD OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION BE RECOMMEND ...

The effectiveness of outbreak response imunization had for a long time had contradicting schools of thought. In fact, WHO guidelines for measles outbreak response published in 1999 had recommendations ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

IMPACT OF A MEASLES OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION ...

In this article, Goodson (Jim) et al report on measles case counts and characteristics before and after an outbreak response immunization campaign, 15 weeks into an outbreak in one district. The repor ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

MEASLES VACCINATION IN HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCIES: A ...

Displacements that occurs in most humanitarian emergencies create fertile grounds for measles outbreaks. Managing outbreaks in humanitarian emergencies can be complicated but more than in any other se ...Source: Conflict and Health

STABILITY OF THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF MEASLES CASES ...

Following wide-age measles vaccination campaigns, the occurrence of measles is documented to have declined by about 74% in the last decade. In the  same time period, measles epidemiology is also ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

EFFECTIVENESS AND TIMING OF VACCINATION DURING SCH ...

In this article, the authors computed the possible outcomes of a measles outbreaks in a school according to the vaccination delay, assuming that all potentially susceptible children in the school were ...Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases

AEROSOLIZED ADENOVIRUS VECTORED VACCINE AS AN ALTE ...

In this article, the authors report on an experiement that use adenoviruses asvectors to deliver influenza vaccines. If successful, this technology could then be easily used by measles vaccine deliver ...Source: Respiratory Research

INCREASING THE TIME OF EXPOSURE TO AEROSOL MEASLES ...

In this article, the authors further the understanding on aerosol measles vaccines. They report on an experiement that increasing the duration of exposure to the aerosol measles vaccine improves sero- ...Source: Journal of Infectious Diseases

DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR INTRADERMAL VACCINATION.

In this article, the authors presenttheir opinion on innovations available to support intra dermal vaccination. Noting that using the bifurcated needle was one of the great technologies that contribut ...Source: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

THINK GLOBALLY, ACT LOCALLY: THE ROLE OF LOCAL DEM ...

In this article present analyses that indicate that there is broad-scale correspondence between the theoretical predictions and the patterns observed across all countries. However, local/country varia ...Source: Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological sciences

IMPACT OF BIRTH RATE, SEASONALITY AND TRANSMISSION ...

In this article, Metcalf et al argue that in low-to-average birth-rate contexts, benefits of immunization are likely to be high across a range of levels of routine coverage, especially in the presence ...Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Infection

HERD IMMUNITY ACQUIRED INDIRECTLY FROM INTERACTION ...

In this article, the authors present a model in which they allude that fertility, poverty and disease all interact with each other in important and predictable ways. They argue that the persistence of ...Source: Journal of the Royal Society Interface

SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS: AN UPDATE

SSPE continues to be one of the most debilitating complications of measles virus infections, just as it is a fatal disease. Fortunately, the incidence of SSPE is decreasing as a result of large vaccin ...Source: Development Medicine and Child Neurology

BRAINSTEM INVOLVEMENT IN SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANEN ...

Brainstem involvement in SSPE cases is uncommon. In this case-report, the article, an unusual patient of SSPE with dominant brainstem involvement is described. The article stresses that brainstem invo ...Source: Neurology India

SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS WITH BILATERAL ...

SSPE commonly involves the periventricular white matter, basal ganglia, thalamus and corpus callosum, brainstem involvement is being increasingly described, at times without significant changes in the ...Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology