Noninterference of Rotavirus Vaccine With Measles-Rubella Vaccine at 9 Months of Age and Improvements in Antirotavirus Immunity: A Randomized Trial.

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J Infect Dis. 2016 Jan 27. pii: jiw024. [Epub ahead of print]

Noninterference of Rotavirus Vaccine With Measles-Rubella Vaccine at 9 Months of Age and Improvements in Antirotavirus Immunity: A Randomized Trial.

Zaman K¹ Fleming JA² Victor JC² Yunus M¹ Bari TI³ Azim T¹ Rahman M¹ Mowla SM¹ Bellini WJ⁴McNeal M⁵ Icenogle JP⁴ Lopman B⁴ Parashar U⁴ Cortese MM⁴ Steele AD² Neuzil KM².

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Abstract

BACKGROUND:

 The burden of rotavirus morbidity and mortality is high in children aged <5 years in developing countries and evaluations indicate waning protection from rotavirus immunization in the second year. An additional dose of rotavirus vaccine may enhance the immune response and lengthen the period of protection against disease but co administration of this dose should not interfere with immune responses to concurrently given vaccines.

METHODS:

 A total of 480 9-month-old participants from Matlab Bangladesh were enrolled in a study with a primary objective to establish noninferiority of concomitant administration of measles-rubella vaccine (MR) and a third dose of human rotavirus vaccine (HRV; MR + HRV) compared with MR given alone. Secondary objectives included noninferiority of rubella antibody seroconversion and evaluating rotavirus IgA/IgG seroresponses in MR + HRV recipients.

RESULTS:

 Two months after vaccination 75.3% and 74.3% of MR + HRV and MR recipients respectively had seroprotective levels of measles virus antibodies; 100.0% and 99.6% respectively showed anti-rubella virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprotection. In the MR + HRV group antirotavirus immunoglobulin A and IgG seropositivity frequencies before vaccination(52.7% and 66.3% respectively) increased to 69.6% and 88.3% after vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS:

 Vaccine-induced measles and rubella antibody responses are not negatively affected by concomitant administration of HRV. The HRV dose increases antirotavirus serum antibody titers and the proportion of infants with detectable antirotavirus antibody.