Supplemental measles vaccine antibody response among HIV-infected and -uninfected children in Malawi after 1- and 2-dose primary measles vaccination schedules.

Tuesday, 1st of March 2016

Vaccine. 2016 Mar 14;34(12):1459-64. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.01.055. Epub 2016 Feb 9.

Supplemental measles vaccine antibody response among HIV-infected and -uninfected children in Malawi after 1- and 2-dose primary measles vaccination schedules.

Fowlkes AL¹ Witte D² Beeler J³ Audet SA³ Broadhead R² Bellini WJ⁴ Cutts F⁵ Helfand RF⁴.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The long-term antibody response to measles vaccine (MV) administered at age 6 months with or without subsequent doses is not well documented.

METHODS:

Measles serum antibody responses were evaluated after a supplemental dose of measles vaccine (sMV) administered at a median age of 20 months among Malawian children who had previously received 2 doses of measles vaccine (MV) at ages 6 and 9 months (HIV-infected and random sample of HIV-uninfected) or 1 dose at age 9 months (random sample of HIV-uninfected). We compared measles antibody seropositivity between groups by enzyme linked immunoassay and seroprotection by plaque reduction neutralization geometric mean concentrations.

RESULTS:

Of 1756 children enrolled 887 (50.5%) received a sMV dose following MV at 9 months of age and had specimens available after sMV receipt including 401 HIV-uninfected children who received one MV dose at 9 months 464 HIV-uninfected and 22 HIV-infected children who received two doses of MV at ages 6 and 9 months. Among HIV-uninfected children protective levels of antibody were found post sMV in 90-99% through ages 24-36 months and were not affected by MV schedule. Geometric mean concentration levels of measles antibody were significantly increased post-sMV among those HIV-uninfected children previously non-responsive to vaccination. Among HIV-infected children the proportion seroprotected increased initially but by 9 months post-sMV was no higher than pre-sMV.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings support early 2-dose MV to provide measles immunity for young infants without risk of interference with antibody responses to subsequent MV doses administered as part of SIAs.

Published by Elsevier Ltd.