Tuesday, 15th of December 2015 |
ELISA for detection of humoral immunity against measles
Muhammad Asif Zahoor*1 Muhammad Saqalein1 and Zeeshan Nawaz1
Measles is a highly infectious and contagious disease of the respiratory system caused by Morbilivirus (Hashiguchi et al. 2011[5]). The clinical disease has been characterized by high fever cough conjunctivitis coryza malaise maculopapular rash and erythematous patches throughout the body along with increased mortality among non-vaccinated children (Ellison 1931[3]; Fazlalipour et al. 2008[4]). Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) has been launched in 1974 under the umbrella of World Health Organization (WHO) with the ultimate objective of elimination of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs) in children further this program was initiated in Pakistan during 1978 (Ali 2000[1]; Bugvi et al. 2014[2]). Among the VPDs measles has been considered as one of most important diseases in children throughout the world particularly in developing countries (Rabenau et al. 2007[10]; Liu et al. 2013[7]). Furthermore vaccination against measles is widespread which significantly reduces the mortality and morbidity across the globe (Perry and Halsey 2004[9]; Leuridan and Van Damme 2007[6]). Vaccination with first dose is recommended at the age of 9 months with booster dose at the age of 12 or 15 months with either live attenuated measles virus or Measles-Mumps-Rubella complex (MMR) as described (Leuridan and Van Damme 2007[6]; Sheikh et al. 2011[11]). The immunization against measles virus usually resulted in protection due to humoral as well as cell mediated immune response (Ovsyannikova et al. 2003[8]). Many immunodiagnostic methods have been used for the detection of anti-measles antibodies as described by Perry and Halsey (2004[9]). Among those Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) has been reported as more sensitive and specific with reproducibility of results for detection of anti-measles antibodies (Fazlalipour et al. 2008[4]). Further ELISA for measles has been reported to detect and quantify anti-measles IgG antibodies with high sensitivity and specificity (Rabenau et al. 2007[10]).
Therefore keeping in view the importance and significance of measles this preliminary study was designed to develop an ELISA for detection of humoral immunity. For this purpose ELISA plates were coated with measles virus CAM-70 strain (PT Bio Farma Bandung Indonesia) which contain not less than 1000 CCID50 in 0.5 ml. Coating of plates was performed using carbonate buffer as described by van der Werff (2008[12]). Briefly 100 µl of virus diluted with 0.05 M carbonate buffer was added in wells of ELISA plates in duplicate following overnight incubation at 4 °C blocking was achieved by adding 300 µl of blocking buffer (PBS + 10 % w/v skimmed milk powder). ELISA was performed as recently described by Zahoor et al. (2015[13]). Briefly each serum sample was diluted with serum diluent and 100 µL of each diluted serum sample was added in each well of ELISA plate along with controls (Nova Tec Immunodiagnostica GmbH Germany). Following incubation of ELISA plate for one hour at 37 °C plate was washed with 300 µl of washing buffer. In the next step 100 µl measles anti-IgG conjugate (Nova Tec Immunodiagnostica GmbH Germany) was added into all wells except for the blank well and kept for 30 minutes at room temperature. Finally 100 µl tetramethylbenzidine substrate (TMB) was added into all wells and kept at room temperature for 15 minutes in dark. Reaction was stopped by using 100 µl of stop solution into all wells. Absorbance of the ELISA plate was determined at 450 nm within 30 minutes after addition of the stop solution (Biotek® ELX 808 USA). Altogether it was concluded that the developed ELISA may be used to detect humoral immunity from vaccinated children to evaluate the effectiveness of measles vaccination following further standardization and optimization of developed ELISA protocol.
Best read
A.I.M
Assessment of Immune Status Against Measles, Mum ...
Assessment of Immune Status Against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella in Young Kuwaitis: MMR Vaccine Efficacy. Madi N, Altawalah H, Alfouzan W ...2017 M&RI Partners Meeting Presentations
The global Measles and Rubella Initiative meeting was held in Washington DC on 7th and 8th Sept. 2017. The meeting which was hosted by American Red Cr ...STORIES OF LIFE IN A CHANGING WORLD Scientists Cr ...
STORIES OF LIFE IN A CHANGING WORLD Scientists Crack a 50-Year-Old Mystery about the Measles Vaccine Worth a little pain? Back in 1990 a school bo ...20 most consulted measles and rubella articles in ...
Dear AllToday we share a review of the year 2016 regarding measles and rubella items posted on our web page. We shared articles on topics ranging from ...Region of the Americas is declared free of measles ...
More information on this great milestone can be found on url link belowhttp://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=125 ...Progress Toward Regional Measles Elimination — W ...
Progress Toward Regional Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000–2014 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Best read, with ta ...Health Equity Initiative, New York, NY, 25-26 Febr ...
Health Equity Initiative, Summit, NYC, 25-26 February 2016 For details, consult http://www.healthequityinitiative.org/hei/programs/summit/REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL: MEASLES VACCINATION UNDER 9 ...
1 REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL: Measles Vaccination Under 9 Months of Age APPLICATION SUBMISSION DATE: January 26, 2015 1. In ...CARTOON CHARACTERS JOIN THE FIGHT AGAINST MEASLES
[source] Measles and Rubella Initiative[|source]Thanks to reader Jane Wachira for pointing out the following weblink. Measles eradication consists not ...I LOVE/HATE THIS GLOBAL VACCINATION COVERAGE GRAPH ...
[source]Rosling s FactPod[|source]This video from Hans Rosling explaining what he loves with global measles vaccination coverage trends namely rapid i ...POWER POINT PRESENTATIONS FROM THE 13TH ANNUAL ADV ...
[source]Measles and Rubella Initiative[|source]The Measles and Rubella Initiative has spent much effort fighting for its cause by means of widespread ...CALLING THE SHOTS
[source]PBS Network[|source]"VACCINES -- CALLING THE SHOTS" This TV program, broadcast on the PBS network, looks at the commonest arguments by anti-v ...COMBATING HEALTHCARE CORRUPTION AND FRAUD WITH IMP ...
[source]BMC International Health and Human Rights[|source]Corruption is a serious threat to global health outcomes, leading to financial waste and adv ...CORRUPTION KILLS: ESTIMATING THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF ...
[source]PLoS One[|source]Many countries still have high levels of child mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, and in recent ye ...READY OR NOT: RESPONDING TO MEASLES IN THE POSTELI ...
[source]Annals of Internal Medicine[|source]Opnion Paper Although endemic measles was eliminated in the United States in 2000, two concurrent measle ...RUBELLA AND CONGENITAL RUBELLA SYNDROME CONTROL AN ...
[source]Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)[|source]In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) updated guidance on the preferred strategy f ...PROGRESS TOWARDS MEASLES ELIMINATION – EASTERN M ...
[source]Weekly Epidemiological Record (WER)[|source]During the period 2008–2012, regional progress towards measles elimination stagnated, and th ...THE IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME THAT SAVED MILLIONS OF ...
[source]Bulletin of the WHO[|source]In the world vaccination week, the Bulletin of the World Health Organization outlines the history, status and impa ...HEALTH SYSTEM COST OF DELIVERING ROUTINE VACCINATI ...
[source]Bulletin of the WHO[|source]On the eve of the 40th anniversary of launching of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 1974, during th ...World Immunization Week
[source]WHO/IVB Publication[|source]Never miss another jab, The slogan for World Immunization Week 2014 is “Immunize for a healthy future: Know ...Measles: know the risks, check your status, protec ...
[source]WHO/IVB Publication[|source]Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus. In 1980, before widespread vaccination, measles ...THE RIGHTS OF THE UNVACCINATED CHILD: THE LEGAL FR ...
[source]Los Angeles Times[|source]In light of what s starting to look like a surge of measles cases spread by unvaccinated carriers, Hasting ...Consultants: Measles and rubella control/eliminati ...
[source]Technical Network for Strengthening EPI[|source]Announcement solicits interest from potential candidates to act as consultants for WHO through ...PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS MARK 50TH YEAR OF MEASLES ...
[source]Journal of American Medical Association[|source]Until the 1960s, measles was a rite of passage for US children; nearly all had the disease bef ...THE TOLL OF THE ANTI-VACCINATION MOVEMENT, IN ONE ...
[source]Los Angelos Times[|source]Aaron Carroll today offers a graphic depiction of the toll of the anti-vaccination movement. It comes from a Council ...“Can we use $30 of the taxes you’re already pa ...
[source]Annual Letter of BMGF[|source]If you were asked this question today, what answer would you give? Bill and Melinda Gates ask, "Would you check ...REACHING HARD-TO-REACH INDIVIDUALS: NONSELECTIVE V ...
[source]American Journal of Epidemiology[|source]Source: American Journal of Epidemiology The World Health Organization guidelines for response to me ...Rubella and Congenital rubella syndrome control an ...
[source]Weekly Epidemiological Record (WER)[|source]Full text record of Rubella and CRS control/elimination are available at http://www.who.int/wer/20 ...Measles Press Conference at CDC: 50th Anniversary ...
[source]CDC Media Release, 5th Dec[|source]Full text, video and question and answer session for journalists all avalable at http://www.cdc.gov/media/r ...A bibliometric analysis of childhood immunization ...
[source]BMC Medicine[|source]During the past four decades national EPI programs have developed or adapted and implemented a broad range of strategies ...Lessons from the tragic measles outbreak in Samoa
Monday, 9th of March 2020 |
Characterisation of diversity of measles viruses in India: genomic sequencing and comparative genomics studies.
Monday, 9th of March 2020 |
The elimination of measles in Iran
Monday, 9th of March 2020 |
Measles-containing vaccines in Brazil: Coverage,
Monday, 9th of March 2020 |
Measles-containing vaccines in Brazil: Coverage, homogeneity of coverage and associations with contextual factors at municipal level.
Monday, 9th of March 2020 |
Website Views |
47360475 |