Shedding of Rubella Virus in Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Study of Affected Infants Born in Tokyo Japan 2013-2014.

Thursday, 26th of November 2015 Print

Abstract

Rubella is usually a mild illness with febrile rash being its main symptom. However serious consequences of rubella can result from an infection during the early stages of pregnancy. After a rubella outbreak in Japan observed from June 2012 to 2013 45 infants were reportedly born with Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). We followed up the 15 CRS cases reported in Tokyo to determine the virus shedding periods by utilizing nested RT-PCR to detect rubella virus genes. Out of the 15 cases 4 cases became unavailable for follow-ups and were excluded from analysis. During the estimated virus shedding periods positive test results for the virus gene were 79.4% (27/34) in throat swab samples 50% (2/4) in urine samples and 25% (1/4) in blood samples. The shortest virus shedding period was less than 1 month and the longest was 13 months. The proportion of the CRS cases shedding viruses were 100% (11/11) at 0 month and 9.1% (1/11) at 12 months. Our findings also suggested that the earlier the mothers onset of rubella was during pregnancy the virus shedding periods of infants with CRS lasted longer. We believe a cutoff point for virus gene detections can be set for infants at 1 year of age.

 

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