IMMUNOLOGIC BASIS FOR REVACCINATION OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN RECEIVING HAART

Tuesday, 20th of August 2013 Print
[source]Future Virology[|source]

Infection with HIV produces aberrant immune activation that accelerates cellular turnover and potentially impedes proper memory cell development. In children infected with HIV in the perinatal period, this dysfunction produces poor long-term immune responses to vaccines, as well as natural infections, that are not reversed in many children following immune reconstitution with HAART. These children likely require revaccination. As antiretro-viral therapy becomes more widely available, revaccination of children who successfully achieve immune reconstitution and virologic suppression while receiving HAART may help restore individual and population immunity. More details available at:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3039418/

 

Abstract

With increasing access to antiretroviral therapy for children infected with HIV, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, better understanding of the development and maintenance of memory T- and B-cell responses to pathogens after immune reconstitution is needed to assess the risk of infection. Knowledge of long-term immune responses after starting HAART is of particular importance for policies on revaccination of HIV-infected children, who may lose protective immunity to prior infections and immunizations. We review normal development of T- and B-cell memory responses to viruses and vaccines against viral pathogens, and contrast the immunological effects of perinatal HIV transmission with HIV infection acquired later in life. We then explore the potential benefits of antiretroviral therapy and revaccination, using measles virus as a model.

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